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The Muslim Gaddi are a Muslim community found mainly in North India.〔People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part two by K S Singh page 475 Manohar Publications〕 After the independence in 1947, the Gaddi of the states of Haryana and Delhi migrated to Pakistan and are now found in the provinces of Punjab and Sindh.〔''A Glossary of the Tribes & Castes of Punjab'' by H. A Rose page 255〕 In Pakistan, the community is often referred to as Gadi Rajput, and sometimes Gaddi. A few Gaddi are also found in the Terai region of Nepal. == History and origin == There a number of theories as to the origin of the Gaddi community. In South Asia, there are two distinct groups who go by the name Gaddi. In the foothills of the Himalaya, in what are now the states of Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir resides a Hindu nomadic community known as the Gaddi. The Muslim Gaddi of North India is not an alpine community, but are found in the plains of North India, distributed in the states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan, and have never been nomadic. Prior to the independence in 1947, Muslim Gaddi communities were also found in Haryana. In fact, it is unclear whether there is any connection between the two groups other than the sharing of a common name.〔''A Glossary of the Tribes & Castes of Punjab'' by H. A Rose page 255〕 With regards to the Muslim Gaddi, there are different theories as to their origin. According to some sources, the Gaddi are said to be Gurelbansi Ahir, who were converted to Islam, during the rule of the Mughals, although the exact circumstances of their conversion are unclear.〔''People of India: Uttar Pradesh'' Volume XLII Part two by K S Singh page 475 Manohar Publications〕 While in Haryana and Rajasthan, the Gaddi themselves claim to of Rajput origin, and those of Bihar claim Arab ancestry.〔'' A Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of Punjab and North West Frontier by H A Rose pages 370 to 372''〕 The Gaddi in Bihar and Jharkhand claim descent from a Sufi saint Gaddi Salahuddin Elahi, and said to arrived in the region in the 19th Century. This is shown by the fact that most Gaddi in Bihar and Jharkhand still speak Bhojpuri, the language of eastern Uttar Pradesh, and not the local Sadri language.〔People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part One edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 306 to 310 Seagull Books〕 According to some other sources, they were the earliest inhabitants of Awadh, and this region they are often also referred to as Muslim Ahir.〔''Tribes and Castes of North Western Provinces and Oudh Volume II by William Crooke pages 370 to 372''〕 A Research Book (in Urdu) on Gaddi casts has been written by Abdul Jabbar Khan, A Gaddi Scholar, discussing all casts and sub casts of Gaddi present in India and Pakistan .The Origin and the initial use of Word "Gaddi" is discussed in detail in the book.〔Qaum Gaddi (Gaddi Cast), Afghan or Rajput in the light of indopak history. By Abdul Jabbar Gaddi 〕 The Gaddi have five sub-divisions, which are the Sadhre, Nyodha, Othi, Badgaia, and Swaetye. Like many other Muslims groups in North India, the Gaddi community is further divided into clans, known as ''biradaris'', which are said to be descended from a common ancestor. Their main biradaris are the Aheer, Ahawar, Bachhar, Bais, and teli Malik. Marriages are preferred within the biradari. Their hereditary occupation was that of the production and sale of milk, but the Muslim Gaddi of Karnal and Ambala in Haryana, and the Doab region of western Uttar Pradesh were and still are mainly peasant cultivators. The Gaddi speak Urdu and well as various dialects of Hindi, such as Khari boli in western Uttar Pradesh, Haryanvi in Pakistan and Bhojpuri in Bihar.〔''People of India: Uttar Pradesh'' Volume XLII Part two by K S Singh page 475 Manohar Publications〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Muslim Gaddi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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